Peran Regulasi Hukum dan Lembaga Internasional dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59188/jcs.v2i2.269Keywords:
WHO, Pandemi Coronavirus, Hukum Internasional, Hak Asasi Manusia, Karantina MassalAbstract
Pandemi coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) saat ini sedang menyebar di seluruh dunia. Krisis yang terjadi kemudian memiliki sifat multidimensi, yang memengaruhi semua lapisan masyarakat. Langkah-langkah yang diadopsi oleh otoritas domestik mencakup spektrum pembatasan yang luas: mulai dari peringatan umum hingga karantina wajib dan isolasi individu, hingga larangan bepergian dan penutupan kota, dan dalam beberapa kasus, penutupan negara. Banyak pemerintah telah mendeklarasikan keadaan darurat, dengan demikian mengasumsikan kekuatan luar biasa. Krisis yang mengerikan ini mengarah pada beberapa pertanyaan penting: Apa kewajiban, wewenang dan prosedur yang relevan di bawah hukum internasional publik? Sudahkah mereka dipatuhi? Peran apa, jika ada, yang dimainkan hukum internasional, melalui lembaganya, sejauh ini?. Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO), sebuah badan khusus Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa, adalah lembaga internasional dengan mandat inti dalam masalah kesehatan global. Selain itu, Peraturan Kesehatan Internasional (IHR) adalah instrumen yang mengikat secara hukum utama yang menetapkan aturan untuk penyebaran penyakit lintas batas. Terhadap latar belakang ini, untuk menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan di atas, jurnal ini memberikan tinjauan umum tentang IHR sehubungan dengan masalah dan perselisihan saat ini. Jurnal ini kemudian mengevaluasi isu-isu dan perselisihan tersebut di bawah rezim hukum internasional lainnya, seperti hak asasi manusia dan hukum perdamaian dan keamanan. Terakhir, makalah ini menawarkan kesimpulan dengan cara menjawab pertanyaan penelitian.
References
Abdi, Muhammad Nur. (2020). Krisis Ekonomi Global dari Dampak Penyebaran Virus Corona (Covid-19). AkMen Jurnal Ilmiah, 17(1), 90–98.
Aginam, Obijiofor. (2014). Mission (im) possible? Who as a ‘norm entrepreneur’in global governance. Oxford University Press.
Clift, Charles. (2014). What’s the World Health Organization For. London Chatham House.
Fidler, David P. (2005). From international sanitary conventions to global health security: the new International Health Regulations. Chinese Journal of International Law, 4(2), 325–392.
Goodman, Neville M. (1952). International Health Organizations and their Work. In International Health Organizations and their Work. J. & A. Churchill Ltd.
Gostin, Lawrence O., & Berkman, Benjamin E. (2007). Pandemic influenza: ethics, law, and the public’s health. Admin. L. Rev., 59, 121.
Gostin, Lawrence O., Sridhar, Devi, & Hougendobler, Daniel. (2015). The normative authority of the World Health Organization. Public Health, 129(7), 854–863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2015.05.002.
Lee, Kelley. (2008). The World Health Organization (WHO). Routledge.
Negri, Stefania. (2018). Communicable Disease Control. In Research handbook on global health law (pp. 265–302). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Smith, Rhona K. M., Asplund, Knut D., & Marzuki, Suparman. (2008). Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia. Pusat Studi Hak Asasi Manusia, Universitas Islam Indonesia (PUSHAM UII).
Subchi, Imam. (2021). Pandemi, Suatu" Keharusan" dalam Sejarah Manusia. Rajawali Pers.
Triandini, VIirza Nanda. (2022). Peranan World Health Organization (WHO) dalam Menghadapi Coronavirus Disease 19 Berdasarkan International Health Regulations 2005. Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara.
Wilder-Smith, Annelies, & Freedman, David O. (2020). Isolation, quarantine, social distancing and community containment: pivotal role for old-style public health measures in the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. Journal of Travel Medicine, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa020.
World Health Organization. (2011). Strengthening response to pandemics and other public-health emergencies: report of the review committee on the functioning of the International Health Regulations (2005) and on pandemic influenza (H1N1) 2009. World Health Organization.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Mohammad Aris Kurniawan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC-BY-SA). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
